GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AND BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY IN ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

This study explored the relationship between Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) and Business Sustainability within the pharmaceutical industry in Anambra State, Nigeria. The objective was to determine how specific GSCM practices, such as green procurement, transportation, reverse logistics, and manufacturing processes, influenced sustainability outcomes. The research was anchored on the Green Supply Chain Management Theory, which emphasizes the integration of environmental considerations across supply chain operations. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, collecting data through structured questionnaires distributed to employees in selected pharmaceutical firms. Analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient method. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between green procurement practices and operational efficiency, with a correlation coefficient of 0.65; a strong connection between transportation practices and customer satisfaction (correlation coefficient of 0.72); a notable relationship between reverse logistics implementation and environmental compliance, showing a coefficient of 0.68; and a strong link between green manufacturing processes and waste reduction performance, indicated by a coefficient of 0.70. The study concludes that GSCM practices were vital to achieving business sustainability in the pharmaceutical industry. It recommended that firms actively adopt and invest in GSCM strategies to improve operational performance and align with regulatory standards, emphasizing collaboration with suppliers for sustainable sourcing and logistics enhancement as crucial for advancing environmental compliance and overall business success in the industry.