LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK OF UNITED NATIONS: AN EXAMINATION OF ITS STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONS, AND CHALLENGES

Abstract

The United Nations Organization is a cornerstone of international law and governance, playing a
crucial role in promoting peace, security, and cooperation among nations. This article provides a
comprehensive examination of the legal and institutional framework of the UN, exploring its
founding instruments, organizational structure, and core functions. The article analyzes the roles
and powers of the UN's principal organs, including the Security Council, General Assembly, and
International Court of Justice, as well as its specialized agencies and programs. It also emphasizes
the need for reform and modernization of the UN framework, highlighting recent initiatives and
challenges. Finally, the article examines the limitations and challenges facing the UN, including
funding, effectiveness, and accountability. This article adopted doctrinal methods of research, and
primary and secondary sources were used namely textbooks, statutes, conventions and online or
internet materials This article aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the UN's legal and
institutional framework, its strengths and weaknesses, and its role in shaping international law and
governance.