UNIZIK Journal of Educational Management and Policy

ADVOCACY FOR ONLINE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM TOWARDS ENHANCING ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION IN NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT. Pp. 1-16

Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

The Nigerian higher education has been plugged into a huge gap between the demand for higher education and the shortage in supply as a result of its inability to absorb the increasing number of students who sat for UTME. This situation has been exasperated by the persistent industrial action by the university lecturers, insecurity, associated effects of post Covid 19 pandemic, among others, thereby hindering access to the teeming population of admission seeking individuals to higher education. Overcoming these challenges and consequently increasing access to Nigerian higher education system, will require the adoption of innovative measures and internet-based solutions, hence the advocacy for online university education. While other countries are capitalizing and reaping the financial benefits of online university education, the Nigerian higher educational system, is still far from leveraging on online education system due to its enormous resultant problems. This opinion paper therefore advocates for the establishment of online university education either independently or via already existing traditional higher institutions to enhance access to higher education in the country. Also, it examines the possible challenges towards establishing online university education in Nigeria.

STRESS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN NNAMDI AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY, AWKA, ANAMBRA STATE

Asiegbu, E.C; Ezewuzie, J.J; & Emmasiegbu, C.M — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

This study identifies the effects of stress on the academic performance of undergraduates in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Four research questions were posed as a guide for the study while a descriptive survey design was adopted. The population consist of 29,976 students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka out of which a sample of 300 was used. A questionnaire of 19 items designed with a fourscale response options was used as Instrument for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts and a reliability co-efficient of 0.82 was obtained indicating a high reliability index. Copies of the questionnaire were distributed to the respondents on a direct contact for to aid easy retrieval and arithmetic mean was used for data analysis. The findings of the study indicated that there are factors that poses stress on students in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, because students experience stress as a result of; the distance from the school to hostel, examination time table that are not spaced out for students to have time to prepare well, high school fees, long lecture periods and Poor eating habit. It was also revealed that Stress affects academic performance of students in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, because; students who are free from stress are likely to perform well academically, stress leads to poor performance, students that are faced with financial problem tend to perform poor academically and emotional stress affects academic performance. The following recommendations were made by the researchers; those in education sectors should do their best to remove or control those stressors. Government and school administrators should organize seminars and workshops where students will be educated on how to control those stressors

STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING SCHOOL COMMUNITY RELATIONSHIP FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA.

Ekwe, G.M; Ozoko, F.A & Okwor, S.N — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

The study is on strategies for improving school community relationship for effective management of secondary schools in Enugu state. Two research questions and two hypotheses was formulated for the study respectively. Descriptive survey research design was employed for the study. The population for the study consists of 314 principals and 6921 secondary school teachers that gave a total of 7235, while the sample for the study included a total of 722 respondents consisted of 31 principals and 691 teachers. Questionnaire was designed to elicit appropriate information from the respondents. The instrument was faced validated by three experts, two from educational management department and one in measurement and evaluation department all from faculty of education in Enugu State University of Science and Technology. The reliability co-efficient of the instrument was calculated using Cronbanch Alpha method. Alpha value was found to be 0.93 indicating high reliability of the instrument. Mean score and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, and t-test statistic was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study indicated that there is great extent to which community participates in financial management be used as a strategy to improve school-community relationship for effective management of secondary schools in Enugu state. Based on this, it was recommended that community should be organized through the different organs to assist the schools and take active parts in some school administrative activities where they have been found to be very useful like pupilpersonnel and finance management.

PRINCIPALS’ STAFF MENTORSHIP AND NETWORKING PACTICES FOR ENHANCING EFFECTIVE TEACHING IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ANAMBRA STATE

Obiekwe, K.K; Thompson, C.C & Ogbo, R.N — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

This study examined principals’ mentorship and networking practices for enhancing effective teaching in public secondary schools in Anambra State, Nigeria. Two research questions guided the study and two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The population of the study comprised 6,649 made up of 267 principals and 6,382 teachers. A sample of 939 consisting 267 principals and 672 teachers was drawn using stage sampling technique. Researchers’ developed instrument titled “Principals’ Mentoring and Networking Practices Questionnaire” (PMNPQ) which was validated by three experts was used for data collection. The internal consistency of the instrument was ascertained using Cronbach’s Alpha and this yielded reliability coefficients of 0.81, 0.79, for the two parts of the PMNPQ and 0.80 for the entire instrument. Out of 936 copies of the questionnaire administered, 901 copies representing 96.3% were duly completed, retrieved and used for data analysis. Mean was used to answer research questions while t-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the study indicated that the extent to which principals provide staff mentorship for teachers for effective teaching in Anambra State secondary schools is high. Principals to a low extent promote staff networking among teachers for effective teaching. Based on the findings it was recommended among others that Principals should provide adequate staff network practices to enhance teachers’ effective teaching.

DEPLOYMENT OF EFFECTIVE INNOVATIVE METHODS FOR MANAGEMENT OF TEACHING AND LEARNING IN THE 21st CENTURY CLASSROOM IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ANAMBRA STATE

Akudo, F.U & Eziuzo, G.O — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

This study examined the extent of deployment of effective innovative methods for management of teaching and learning in the 21st century classroom in public secondary schools in Anambra State. Three research questions guided the study. A descriptive survey research design was adopted in the study. Population for the study comprised 5,674 teachers from 259 public secondary schools located within the 6 education zones in Anambra State. Sample size for the study constituted 567 teachers from 130 public secondary school within the 6 education zones in Anambra State selected at 10% from the entire teacher population using the stratified random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a researchers-developed 21-item questionnaire titled: “Deployment of Effective Innovative Methods for Management of Teaching and Learning Questionnaire (DEIMMTLQ)”, which was equally structured on a 4-point scale of Very High Extent (VHE), High Extent (HE), Low Extent (LE) and Very Low Extent (VLE) in order to answer the three research questions. The questionnaire was validated by two experts. Reliability of the instrument was established through a pilottest on a sample of 15 teachers from three public secondary schools in Enugu State. The scores obtained after the pilot test were measured using Cronbach Alpha statistics which gave coefficient reliability value of 0.88, 0.84 and 0.78 for the three clusters respectively. The mean score rated at 2.50 and standard deviation was used to analyze data. Findings of the study revealed, among others, that the extent of deployment of such innovative methods as the crossover innovative method, project-Based Learning (PBL)innovative method and the use of technology innovative method for management of teaching and learning in the 21st century classroom in public secondary schools in Anambra State were all to a low extent. From the findings, recommendations were proffered and among them included that, teachers should avail themselves of the opportunities provided by these innovative methods in improving the management of teaching and learning. Thus, principals through their instructional supervision should encourage teachers to deploy the crossover innovative method to a high extent for management of teaching and learning in the 21st century classroom in public secondary schools in Anambra State

MEASURES FOR PROMOTING GREATER PERFORMANCE OF TEACHING STAFF IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN AWKA NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF ANAMBRA STATE

Ezemba, E.U; Okeke, N.L & Ogbuanya, P.C — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

The study examined the teaching staff management for greater performance in public secondary schools in Awka North Local Government Area of Anambra State. The study employed a descriptive survey design. The population of the study comprised 8
principals and 131 teachers from eight (8) public secondary schools in Awka north Local Government area. A census and simple random sampling technique was employed because the population was manageable. Therefore, the sample size of the study was 139 respondents. Three research questions were posed and three null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance to guide the study. Structured questionnaire titled ‘’Teaching Staff Management for Greater Performance Questionnaire (TSMGPQ)’’ was used for data collection. Cronbach Alpha Reliability Coefficient was used to test the instrument and was found to have 0.91. Data collected were analysed using mean statistics and standard deviation with an acceptance mean value of ≥2.50 whereas mean value ˂2.50 were rejected. Findings revealed that regular payment of salary to teachers, promoting teachers regularly as at when due, organizing adequate correspondence programmes, such as on-the-job training, part-time programmes among others are motivating and development programmes for teachers greater performance. Also, it was further revealed that poor working condition of administrators, inadequate funding, administrative incompetence and others were some challenges rocking staff greater performance in public secondary schools in the study area. Therefore, the study recommend that government should help revenging the secondary school section by providing teachers with in-service programmes that will help them in getting up to speed information on the technological world as to compete favourably with their counterparts; also the government should the much that they can to reveal the teacher’s salary and allowance as the befit their status and make the profession more attractive and envious as to motivate teachers in carrying out their obligations effectively

ADMINISTRATIVE SUPERVISORY STRATEGIES IN MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ANAMBRA STATE

Amaefule, F.N ; Chike, H.N & Nwogbo, M.O — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

The study examined administrative supervisory strategies in the management of public secondary schools in Anambra State. This study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population constitute 263 principals. These principals are made up of 107 male and 156 female principals. The entire population was used as the sample size; this means, that no sampling technique was used in sample size selection. A 19-item structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The correlation coefficients of Cluster B = 0.87 and Cluster C = 0.81 and an average correlation coefficient reliability score of 0.84 was obtained. Mean scores that are 2.50 and above are regarded as agreeing while mean scores below 2.50 are taken as Disagree. On the other hand, a t-test was deployed to test the hypothesis formulated for the study. The study found that motivational strategies adopted by principals in management of public secondary schools in Anambra State are provision of welfare packages, making available conducive environment, assisting teachers to solve some personal problems. The personnel management strategies adopted by principals in management of public secondary schools because principals adopt treatment of teachers as individuals rather than just members of a group, expression of satisfaction when teachers do their work well. The study recommended that principals should involve teachers in managing the school through thorough supervision by networking the activities of the staff. Principals should ensure effective communication is established with the teachers.

AN APPRAISAL OF PRINCIPAL’S EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF SCHOOL RESOURCES AS CORRELATE TO TEACHER’S JOB ACHIEVEMENT IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN EBONYI STATE

Ezenwagu, S.A — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

This study assess the Principal’s Effective Management of School Resources as Correlate to Teacher’s Job Achievement in Public Secondary Schools in Ebonyi State. In order to accomplish this objective, one specific purposes of the study and corresponding research question and hypothesis were guided the study. A comprehensive related literature was reviewed not only to serve as a guide to the research but also to give insight into what has already been done by other researchers in the related areas of the study. Correlational design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised of five thousand two hundred and ninety-eight
(5,939) teachers in the public secondary schools in Ebonyi State. The sample of the study comprised five hundred and twenty (520) teachers. The instrument used for data collection was teachers’ assessment scale on principal’s effective management of economic resources and teachers job achievement. The instrument was validated by three experts, two experts from the Department of Educational Foundations and one expert from Measurement and Evaluation option of Science Education Department both in Ebonyi State University Abakaliki. The reliability co-efficient of the instrument was 0.86 and 0.78 respectively. Research questions and the hypotheses were tested using linear regression. Findings revealed that there is positive relationship between principals effective management economic resources and teachers’ job achievement in secondary schools in Ebonyi State; Based on the findings, the study recommended that various arms of the government especially those in charge of secondary education in the state should try to provide schools with the necessary resources needed by the schools principals for operation and management in the school.

PRINCIPALS’ CONFLICT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AS CORRELATES OF TEACHERS JOB EFFECTIVENESS IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ANAMBRA STATE

Onuorah, H.C ; Chukwu, N.R & Oshia, E.C — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

The study investigated principals’ conflict management strategies as correlates of teachers’ job effectiveness in public secondary schools in Anambra State. Two research questions guided the study. The study adopted the correlation research design and the study was carried out in Anambra State. The population of the study comprised 263 principals of public secondary schools in Anambra State. Two instruments were used to collect data for the study. The instruments were validated by three experts in the Department of Educational Management and Policy, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Test of reliability on the instrument yielded coefficient values of 0.88 for accommodating conflict management strategies, 0.86 for collaborating conflict management strategies and 0.87 for teachers’ effectiveness. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to answer research questions. Finding of the study revealed that there is a very high positive relationship between principals’ use of accommodation strategy and teachers’ job effectiveness in public secondary schools in Anambra State. Finding of the study also revealed that there is a very high positive relationship between principals’ use of collaboration strategy and teachers’ job effectiveness in public secondary schools in Anambra State. Based on these findings, the researchers recommended that principals in public secondary schools should utilize the accommodation strategy of conflict management when handling conflict situations in their school. It was also recommended that principals’ of public secondary schools should educate themselves on best practices in the utilization of collaboration strategy in handling conflicts in their schools
through reading of books and journals on conflict management.

OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING: INNOVATIONAL TOOL FOR RESOLVING EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITY AT THE TERTIARY LEVEL IN NIGERIA

Ayodele, A.J; Ndubueze, O.J & Eziamaka, C.N — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

Distance education as a means of providing access to education, particularly tertiary level education; has gained great prominence in the world. Nigeria like other countries of the world has taken giant steps of recent to introduce open and distance education programme to ease difficulties in accessing education. This paper examines the concept of open and distance learning; its goals and objectives; situation analysis; concepts of equity and inequality and discrepancy in Nigerian Educational System. This paper in addition critically investigates practical attempts taken to resolve educational inequalities in Nigeria. It looks at the quota system and the principle of fairness and social justice. The prospects of open and distance learning are also highlighted. The paper concludes that open and distance learning has contributed to a large extent towards education transformation to meet Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in education. Finally the paper recommended the use of government and its institutions to identify appropriate mechanisms and structures that can ensure equality access to education; strengthening educational institutions; provision of Open and Distance Learning (ODL); and promoting scholarship programmes to cater for educational needs of the under-privilege, indigent and special groups

MANAGEMENT OF POLICY IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS ON UNIVERSAL BASIC EDUCATION (UBE) IN ENUGU EDUCATION ZONE

Obiakor, M.I — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the management of policy implementation process on Universal Basic Education (UBE) in Enugu Education Zone, the evidence from practices. Two research questions corresponding to the purpose of the study was raised for the study. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. Population of the study was 5104 comprising all the teachers in the 31 public secondary schools in Enugu education zone. The sample size for the study was 180. The researcher sampled 15 teachers from each of the 12 selected schools. The instrument used for data collection was a 6-items questionnaire titled Policy Implementation Universal Basic Education Questionnaire (PIUBEQ). The questionnaire was structured based on the research questions which were set out to guide the study. The instrument used was validated by experts. The researchers distributed 180 copies of the questionnaire to the respondents and all were collected back on the spot after they had been filled to ensure optimum return of the instrument. The feedback from the questionnaires that were distributed formed the basis for analysis using mean, while Cronbach Alpha was used to determine the reliability of the instruments, which was 0.68. The findings of the study reveals that school authorities has in-depth knowledge of implementation policy of Ube, School authorities could interpret and execute the policy as stated in the policy blueprint and that School authorities also have sufficient knowledge of their specific roles in the UBE implementation. In policy implementation, the leadership commitment, and interpersonal relationships among the implementing officials largely determined the overall outcome of any government policy. That study recommends that there should be adequate monitoring and supervision of the UBE policy for proper implementation in secondary schools.

SCHOOL CLIMATE AS A PREDICTOR OF JOB SATISFACTION OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN ANAMBRA STATE

Mbonu, V.C; Obineme, P.O; & Azuji, I.M — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

This study sought to examine whether school climate predicts job satisfaction of teachers in Anambra State. The study was guided by three research questions while one null hypothesis was tested at a 0.05 level of significance. A correlational survey research design was used for the study. A multi-stage sampling approach was adopted in selecting a sample size of 1,584 teachers from a population of 4868 teachers in public secondary schools in Anambra State. School Climate Questionnaires titled "School Climate Questionnaire (SCQ)" and Brayfield-Rothe Job Satisfaction Scale (BR-JSS) were used to collect data. The questionnaires were administered through a
direct delivery approach. Research questions 1-2 were answered using aggregate scores and percentages, while research question 3 was answered using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The null hypothesis was tested using simple linear regression analysis. Findings from the study revealed, among others, that school climate is a significant predictor of teachers’ job satisfaction in secondary schools in Anambra State. Based on the findings, it was recommended, among others, that the government should build a supportive school climate for teachers through the provision of adequate infrastructure, professional development, mentorship, and modelled teaching opportunities. This could lead to an increase in school climate and satisfaction with the job.

MANAGEMENT OF PHYSICAL FACILITIES FOR HEALTHY AND SAFETY OF STAFF AND STUDENTS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN IMO STATE

Obilor, P.U — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

This study examined the management of physical facilities for healthy and safety of staff and students in secondary schools in Imo State. To guide the study, two research questions were raised and one hypothesis was formulated. Descriptive survey design was used for the study. The population of the study is 8,699, from the 247 public secondary schools in Imo State which comprised 247 principals and 8,452 teachers. A sample size of 1,739 respondents was drawn using the stratified random sampling technique, which represents about 20% of the population. A self-developed questionnaire and an observation schedule were used to collect data from the respondents. The instruments were validated and reliability was ascertained using test re-test method, with Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation, which gave the index as 0.76 while z-test was used to test the hypothesis of no significant difference. The findings revealed unhealthy and unsafe nature of the buildings, overcrowded and un-conducive classrooms, unhygienic toilets, hazardous furniture, among others. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended among others that healthier and safer school facilities could be maintained through collective commitment to safety compliance by principals, teachers and students

DISCIPLINE IN PRIMARY EDUCATION IN NIGERIA

Okeke-James, N.J; Igbokwe, I.C; Chike, H.N & Agu, N.A — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

Discipline is an indispensable tool for effective achievement of any educational purpose and objective. It is a key that unlocks acceptable norms, values, behaviours and performance needed in educational institutions, particularly in the primary schools. It also helps to maintain a healthy school climate that will enhance teachinglearning exercise. Although, school is designed for educational purposes, lack of discipline can obstructs both national and school educational goals. Presently, attention of many scholars and researchers have been drawn to the study of school discipline at higher institutions of learning in Nigeria. However, maintaining
discipline in primary level of education form the basis of the national primary education goal. It is, therefore, imperative to examine the nature of discipline in primary schools in Nigeria. This work will examine the nature of discipline in schools, benefits of discipline, preventive disciplinary approaches, roles of school administrators in maintaining discipline and so on

SAFETY MEASURES ADOPTED BY PRINCIPALS FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ANAMBRA STATE

Umeozor, U.J & Onuh, U.B — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

This paper examined administrators’ safety techniques for management of public secondary schools in Anambra State. Two research questions guided the study. A descriptive survey research design employed was in the study. Population for the study comprised 259 public secondary school principals from the six education zones in Anambra State. Sample size of the study consisted of 181 principals selected out of the entire principals’ population from the 6 education zones at 70% using the stratified random sampling technique. A 21-item researchers-developed questionnaire which was structured on a 4-point scale of Strongly Agree (SA), Agree (A), Disagree (D) and Strongly Disagree (SD) titled “Administrators Safety Techniques Questionnaire (ASTQ)” was the main instrument used for data collection. The research instrument was face validated by three experts, two of the experts were from the Department of Educational Management and Policy, one from Measurement and Evaluation from the Department of Educational Foundations, all from the Faculty of Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State. Reliability of the research instrument was established through a pilot-test carried out on a sample of 10 public secondary school principals from 10 public schools in Anambra State, which were not part of the studied areas. Scores obtained after the pilot test was measured using Cronbach Alpha statistics which gave coefficient reliability value of 0.85 and 0.90 for the two clusters respectively, and were added up to give an overall internal consistency reliability value of 0.88, showcasing that the instrument was reliable to collect the necessary data for the study. Data collected were analyzed using mean scores and standard deviation. The findings of this study revealed, among others that the public secondary school administrators’ deployment of the safety techniques for management of public secondary schools in Anambra State was inadequate. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended among others that; Anambra State government working together with the Post Primary Schools Service Commission (PPSSC) and the State Ministry of Education should ensure that the school administrators deploy and use effective health care safety techniques through adequate funding of the health care programmes in schools.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRINCIPALS’ SCHOOL SUPERVISION AND EFFECTIVE SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOL IN RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

Oguejiofor, C.N — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

The study investigated relationship between principals’ school supervision and effective school administration in public secondary schools in Rivers State. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted correlational research design with a population of 286 principals in public secondary schools in Rivers State. The sample of 143 was drawn using simple random sampling technique representing 50% of the population. Two instruments titled Principals’ Supervision Scale (PSS) and Effective School Administration Scale (ESAS) were used for data collection. The instruments were validated by three experts in the relevant areas. The internal consistency reliability coefficient of 0.78 and 0.83 were computed for PSS and ESAS through Cronbach Alpha. Linear regression was used to answer the research questions while t-test was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Based on the findings of this study, the researcher concludes that there is significant relationship between principals’ supervision and effective school administration in public secondary schools in Rivers State. Specifically, it was concluded that there is high extent of significant relationship among principals’ instructional supervision, personnel supervision and effective school administration in public secondary schools in Rivers State, Nigeria. The researchers recommended that the school principals should always have routine instructional supervision taking into cognizance the effective classroom management strategies, lesson preparation and delivery as well as class interaction. The principals should identify through personnel supervision those that are very efficient and effective in their tasks areas in order to assign them as mentors of others who may be underperforming in the school

PRINCIPALS’ APPLICATION OF INSPIRATIONAL MOTIVATION FOR IMPROVING TEACHERS’ JOB COMMITMENT IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN AWKA SOUTH, ANAMBRA STATE

Okafor, J.N — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

There seems to be absenteeism, lateness to school among some teachers. These challenges may be traceable to principals’ non practice of inspirational motivation. This makes it imperative to investigate the principals’ application of inspirational motivation for improving teachers’ job commitment in secondary schools in Awka South, Anambra State. Three research questions guided the study
and 3 hypotheses formulated. The descriptive survey research design was adopted. The simple random sampling technique was used to select a sample of 339 respondents, 18 principals and 321 teachers from the population of 18 principals and 642 teachers of the 18 public secondary schools in Awka South. A questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. Data were analyzed using simple mean and standard deviation. Results showed that principals ‘cooperation with teachers are minimal. Results also showed that teachers disagree against principals ‘agree on principals’ recommendation of teachers for professional training. It was recommeded that more opportunities should be given to teachers for professional training. To achieve this, government and educational administrators should allocate adequate funds to this sort.

TIME MANAGEMENT STRATAGIES ADOPTED BY PRINCIPALS FOR EFFECTIVE ADMINISTRATION OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN IMO STATE

Nnorom, S.U; Nwosu, O.H & Anyanwu, J.A — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

The study is an empirical study that used the survey design to examine time management strategies adopted by principals for effective administration of secondary schools in Imo state. the population of the study is 852 teachers from the 63 public secondary schools in Owerri, Imo State. The researchers made use of a questionnaire titled "Time Management Strategies Adopted by Principals for Effective Administration Secondary School Scale" (TMSAPEASSS) for the teachers on a four (4) point scale. The instrument was validated and found reliable with an index of 0.88. In analyzing the data for the study, mean score statistic was used to answer the
research questions and independent z-test statistic was used to test the hypotheses at a significant level of (0.05). The result of the study revealed that teachers agreed that their principals arrive on time to prepare for daily work, is able to complete tasks without interruptions, devote time to administrative work, create time to oversee the academic work of students, schedule time for classroom visitation, attend to visitors, takes time in meetings, follow up delegated works and make effort to keep in touch personally with staff. Based on the findings, the researchers recommended among others that head teachers should ensure that they give adequate time to school morning assembly so as to equip students with moral values and orientation and should always give, priorities to core administrative duties in their time allocation

TEACHERS’ PREPAREDNESS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS IN ANAMBRA STATE.

Ugwuoke, U.N; Okwor, N.S & Anyaeji, A.V — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

This study investigated teachers’ preparedness in the development of students’ entrepreneurial skills in Anambra state. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for this study. Two research questions guided the study and two hypotheses were tested. The population comprised 664 entrepreneurship education teachers in government owned public secondary schools in Anambra state. A sample of 333 entrepreneurship teachers which comprised of 120 males and 213 females were drawn. Data were collected using researcher developed instrument titled “Teachers’ Preparedness for Entrepreneurship Questionnaire (TPEQ)”. The instrument was
validated by three experts. The reliability of the instrument was ascertained using Cronbach Alpha which yielded an overall value of 0.82 for the instrument with coefficients for the two clusters being 0.83 and 0.81 respectively. The researcher together with four research assistants collected data for the study. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer research questions while z-test was used to test the null hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study among others revealed that there is perceived low extent of teachers’ preparedness with regard to possession of requisite entrepreneurship skills even though they are committed.
Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that Anambra State government should provide entrepreneurship teachers with in-service training programmes on entrepreneurial knowledge and skills and secondary school principals should sponsor entrepreneurship teachers in conferences, workshop and seminars on entrepreneurship to up-date their knowledge and skills

MOTIVATION: AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ANAMBRA STATE

Adeola, A.O ; Iwuno, N.F & Umeozor, U.J — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

Motivation is an effective tool to encourage teachers in teaching and learning. Motivation is defined as the arousal of behaviours which is directed towards a particular goal. The teachers who are the instructors and knowledge imparters, should be made happy in order to put in their best in teaching and impartation of knowledge to students. Therefore, this study investigated those things which can make teachers happy and motivated in doing their duties. The research work was carried out in Anambra State public secondary schools. Two research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. All the 256 principals and 1,500 teachers constituted the population. 1,500 teachers were selected using stratified random research design out of 6,233 teachers in the state public secondary schools in the six educational zones in the state. The two research questions were gathered using mean and standard deviation while t-test was used in testing the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The result showed that teachers are not well motivated e.g. they were not paid as and when due, no additional incentives, not involved in decision making etc. Therefore it was recommended that both the government and principals should look into those things that would motivate teachers in order to achieve the core objectives of establishing a school which is teaching and learning. E.g. paying as and when due, giving the freedom to acquire more training, provision of accommodation etc.

PRINCIPALS’ SUPERVISORY TECHNIQUES AS PREDICTORS OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RIVERS STATE

Wagbara, C.D — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

The study investigated principals’ supervisory techniques as predictors of school administration in public secondary schools in Rivers State. Two research questions were answered while two null hypotheses were tested in this study. The study is a correlation research design with a population of 286 principals from the 286 public secondary schools in Rivers State. The sample size of the study is 200 principals drawn from 200 schools representing 70% of the population. Two instruments, Principal’s Supervisory Techniques Questionnaire (PSTQ) and School Administration Questionnaire (SAQ) were used for data collection. The instruments PSTQ and SAQ were face validated by three experts. Internal consistency reliability type through Cronbach alpha techniques gave the reliability coefficients of 0.71 and 0.74 for Principal’s Supervisory Techniques Questionnaire (PSTQ) and School Administration Questionnaire (SAQ) respectively. Linear regression was used to answer the research questions while t-test associated with linear regression was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that principals’ classroom visitation supervisory technique significantly predicts school administration to a very high extent in secondary schools in Rivers State. More so, the study revealed that principals’ team teaching supervisory technique significantly predicts school administration to a very high extent in secondary schools in Rivers State. Based on the findings of this study, the researcher recommendations that the school teachers should always visit the classrooms at will without informing the classroom teacher. More so, the principals should make frantic efforts to monitor the development strategies and strands in each of the departments in the school in order to ensure that everyone is carried along and shown sense of belonging in their teaching profession

Preliminary Pages

Emmanuel Chidubem Asiegbu — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0100

UNIZIK Journal of Educational Management and Policy (UJOEMP) is a Journal of the Department of Educational Management and Policy, Faculty of Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. It is an online, peer reviewed inter-disciplinary Journal with high reputation and excellence. It publishes original and well researched empirical and theoretical studies in education and allied disciplines with a view to promoting education in Nigeria.
The Editorial Board wishes to state that the opinions expressed in the articles are those of the respective authors and not that of the Department nor those of the Editors. Thus only the author(s) shall be liable for any copyright violation including plagiarism.
This edition features articles that met the standard of UJOEMP. The Board encourages author(s) whose papers were not accepted to strive to improve and re-submit for publication in future editions. It congratulates authors whose papers made this edition a reality and recommends the articles for readership of the general public.