AI and Automation in South East Nigeria: Empirical Study on Their Impact on Economy, Governance, and Human Capital Development

Abstract

This study investigated the influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and automation in South East
Nigeria, with particular emphasis on economic growth, governance efficiency and transparency, and
human capital development. A descriptive survey design was adopted, guided by three research
questions and one null hypothesis. Using multi-stage sampling techniques, 205 respondents were
selected from Ebonyi, Anambra, and Abia States. Purposive sampling was further employed to select
participants comprising ICT professionals, policymakers, lecturers, and entrepreneurs. Data were
collected using the AI and Automation for Nation Building Questionnaire (AA-NBQ) developed by
the researcher. The instrument was validated by experts, and its reliability was established using
Cronbach’s alpha, yielding a coefficient of 0.89. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation,
and multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed that AI and automation play a crucial role in
improving governance in South East Nigeria by reducing inefficiencies, enhancing transparency, and
supporting data-driven reforms. Respondents also acknowledged that AI and automation contribute
positively to human capital development, although their influence was found to be moderate.
Regression analysis further indicated that AI and automation have a significant relationship with
governance efficiency and transparency, but no significant relationship with economic growth or
human capital development. Based on these findings, the study recommended the development of a
coherent national AI policy framework, increased investment in digital literacy, and stronger
collaboration between industry and academia to promote innovation, workforce preparedness, and
sustainable national development in an increasingly AI-driven economy.