An Examination of Protection of Children against Child Labour in Nigeria

Abstract

Child labor refers to work that is unsuitable for children due to their age or the hazardous conditions involved,
which can adversely affect their health, safety, and moral development.Unlike tasks that promote growth, such as
light household chores, child labour can expose children to extreme exploitation, including forced labour,
trafficking, involvement in armed conflict, and illicit activities like drug production or prostitution. As the most
vulnerable members of society, children need robust protection from these harmful practices. Using a doctrinal
research methodology, this paper examined the protection of children against child labour in Nigeria, focusing on
the legal, institutional, and socio-economic frameworks in place. The paper explored the root causes of child
labour, including poverty, lack of access to education, cultural practices, and weak legal enforcement. It evaluates
the effectiveness of government initiatives, non-governmental organization (NGO) efforts, and international
interventions aimed at combating child labour. Findings indicated that while progress has been made, significant
obstacles remain. The paper recommended a review of existing laws, better enforcement mechanisms, and stronger
socio-economic support for families. It also advocates for the full implementation of the Child Rights Act across all
states in Nigeria to ensure the rights and safety of children, and to reduce their involvement in child labour.