Violations of Rules of Engagement and Human Rights in Boko Haram Insurgency in Nigeria

Abstract

Boko Haram insurgency that erupted in the northeast Nigeria has led to a serious security challenges in
the country. Efforts have been made by governments to counter the insurgence. On the basis of which
military operations have been launched severally to quell the insurgence and to regain territories already
seized by Boko Haram group, to stabilize and assert state authority in the region. The attacks by the
group and counter operations by the armed forces have led to deaths of many including but not limited
to unarmed civilian populations both women and children in the region. The quantum loss of lives and
destructions of property have raised humanitarian concerns. Against this backdrop, the study examines
the violations of rules of engagement and human rights by the group and armed forces. It considers
among other things, the causes and effects of the insurgency on Nigeria’s economy. The study employs
doctrinal research method and relies on both primary and secondary sources of material relevant to the
study. The study finds a clear case of violation of human rights and rules of engagement by the parties
involved, resulting to various degrees of war crimes and crimes against humanity. The study
recommends an adoption of non-force approach such as genuine dialogue with the insurgent group as
use of military force will only increase level of violence in the region. It concludes that failure to address
the root causes of the insurgency would amount to waste of efforts and resources by the government.