Development of analytical chart for design of granular mono media (sand) deep-bed water treatment filters

Abstract

This research focuses on the development of an analytical chart for design of granular mono-media deep-bed (depth) sand filters.
Evaluation of filter efficiency for granular media deep-bed filters was carried out using data acquired from pilot filter test runs.
Variables, such as grain size distribution (GSD), media depth, filtration rate, turbidity and filter run length were found to dictate
the efficiency of filters measured by the quality and quantity of treated water produced.An effluent quality model relating filter
media depth with quantity of suspended solids (turbidity) removed and a filter resistance model relating head loss with filter run
time were applied in determining the limiting values for the chart. Filter media can be designed using beds of uniform or nonuniform
grain sizes. The chart developed in this research allows for the selection of beds of uniform or non-uniform grain sizes
for deep-bed filters. The results from the study show that a large number of filters of various configurations can be designed,
constructed and operated at economic cost in time and money. The chart will facilitate the work of designers and managers of
potable water treatment plants in developing and developed countries of the world.