Effects of lightning transients on electric power system

Abstract

This paper tries to explain the phenomenon called ‘lightning stroke’. It discusses the break down mechanisms for the cloud; from the
stepped leader to the return streamer and up to the dart leader, and its effect on the insulator and the associated line conductors. The
effects of the direct and indirect strokes are also discussed and this led to the development of expressions for over voltage on the line
as a result of these strokes. At the end an approach is made towards analysing the transient circuit with the aid of a new formula
called ‘Ezechukwu’s reduction formula’.