Investigation of properties of oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber in the strength and fracture performance of boards

Abstract

The physico- chemical characteristics and economic relevance of Empty Fruit Bunch(EFB) of oil palm (elaeis guineensis) to the fiber board industry were investigated. Fiber dimension assessment was carried out to examine its lignin and cellulose content and estimate its suitability and potential as raw material for fibre and acoustic board production by comparing its examined properties with similar imported products. Sample preparation was conducted in accordance with TAPPI Standard T12 – OS – 75, which specifies that samples be ground to a fine particle size to permeate 0.4mm screen and retained on a 0.6mm screen. The moisture content, lignin, extractives, alpha cellulose, and ash content, fiber dimensions, and determination of cross and Bevan cellulose were investigated. Pulping operation was subsequently carried out. The results show that fiber yields were exceptionally high, with good strength properties. The maximum pulping temperature was 156oC and the fiber yield obtained averaged 42.25%, calculated on oven dry (O.D) basis. Strength properties were determined after nine beating times and the results obtained were plotted against time. Fiber boards were produced with oil palm EFB and tests carried out at 20oC and 65% relative humidity. The results indicate that the burst factor and tear index of oil palm EFB exhibited remarkable strength properties. Microscopic studies showed that EFB of oil palm contain 68 % medium fibre. The resultant pulp from the cooking operation had very good feel, and a fairly bright colour, thus asserting that oil palm wastes have a promising future as a substitute for wood in the fiber board industry.