Physiochemical Effects of Orie Emene Abattoir Discharge on the Quality of Ekulu River and Nearby Well

Abstract

The problem of getting quality water is increasing as untreated effluents are discharged into water bodies. The study assessed the impact of abattoir effluents on surface and ground water bodies at Orie Emene. The effects of discharged untreated abattoir waste on water quality and the interrelationship between analyzed physiochemical parameters were studied. Samples were collected at four locations namely: point of effluent discharge1, effluent entry into Ekulu river2, Ekulu River3 and nearby well4, basic water quality parameters were determined. These samples were collected across three intervals of rainy season (BeginningA (April), PeakB (July) and EndC (October) of rainy season). Laboratory analysis was carried out to ascertain the physical and chemical variables present in the samples collected, various variables analyzed were recorded. SPSS model of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to Collate the result gotten from the laboratory, variables with its effects to the water bodies were determined. Total solid (TS), SULPHATE, NITRATE, had a higher concentration in season C. PH, Total dissolved solid (TDS), Electrical conductivity (EC), Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and Dissolved oxygen (DO) were higher in season A, Chloride (CL) was higher in season B, There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in all the variables correlated across seasons. Across locations, most of the variables had a higher concentration in location 1, except DO that is higher in location 4. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in PH. other variables had significant difference (p<0.05) in most of the locations. Graphical representation of the results was drawn and compared Using Federal environmental protection agency (FEPA, 1991) and World health organization (WHO, 2006), it was found that PH, TDS, NITRATE fall within the permissible limits across some seasons and locations of collection, whereas TS, EC, COD, CL were higher, DO and SULPHATE were far below the permissible limit. These showed a very high treat to the water bodies as most variables present, due to its low or high concentration made the waters unfit for domestic use.