Election Administration in Nigeria: A Focus on the Challenges of the Anambra 2021 Gubernatorial Elections

Abstract

The administration of elections in Nigeria has long been plagued by numerous challenges, with recurring issues surfacing in each electoral cycle. The Anambra 2021 gubernatorial election, which saw Professor Charles Chukwuma Soludo of the All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA) emerge as the winner, was not exempt from such challenges. Against a backdrop of heightened security threats in Anambra State and the Southeast geopolitical zone, including the emergence of "unknown gunmen" and the declaration of sit-at-home protests by the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB), the election faced significant hurdles. This paper examined the effect of these challenges on the Independent National Electoral Commission's (INEC) administration of the election. Utilising a case study qualitative research design, data for the study were collected from documentary sources. The findings revealed the profound effect of insecurity on voter turnout and election logistics. IPOB's agitation for Biafra sovereignty and the violent activities of unknown gunmen created a hostile environment, resulting in historically low voter turnout and logistical delays in the distribution of election materials and staffing. Moreover, pervasive vote-buying practices undermined the integrity of the electoral process, necessitating stronger enforcement mechanisms and public awareness campaigns. Based on these findings, the study recommended collaborative efforts between the government and stakeholders to address the root causes of insecurity, enhanced security measures for election workers, and stricter enforcement of electoral laws to curb vote buying. Further studies are suggested to delve deeper into specific aspects of electoral administration and integrity in Anambra State's 2021 gubernatorial election.