Contribution of Catfish Farming to Household Income in Ukwuani Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study investigated the contribution of catfish farming to household income in Ukwuani Local Government Area (LGA), Delta State, Nigeria. The study involved 120 catfish farmers selected through a twostep sampling process. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Gross Margin analysis. Results indicated a male-dominated demographic in catfish farming, with males constituting 70.8%. The study emphasised diverse age groups, marital statuses, and educational backgrounds of catfish farmers, stressing the sector's inclusivity. Catfish farming emerged as a primary contributor to household income, constituting ₦1,008,403.53 (42.2%) of the total annual household income. Diversification of income sources, including crop farming and other economic activities, showcased the resilience of households. The study further revealed that catfish farming income significantly contributed to food (38.2%), education (20.8%), healthcare (8.0%), housing (19.7%), and savings (13.3%). Profitability analysis demonstrated that catfish farming was financially viable, with a Benefit Cost Ratio of 1.54. Challenges such as high input costs (x̅ = 2.8), market fluctuations (x̅ = 2.9), and limited access to credit (x̅ = 2.8) were identified, necessitating targeted interventions. The findings provided valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers to enhance the sustainability and socio-economic impact of catfish farming in Ukwuani LGA.