Effect of leaf extract and fractions of Solanum anomalum on oxidative stress markers, kidney function indices and histology of alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

In ethnomedicine, the leaf of S. anomalum is used to treat a variety of illnesses, including diabetes. The goal of this study was to assess the effects of S. anomalum leaf extract and fractions on the kidney function indices, renal histology, and indicators of oxidative stress in rats with diabetes caused by alloxan. Antioxidative stress and renoprotective potentials of leaf extract (70-210 mg/kg) and fractions (140 mg/kg) were assessed by determining oxidative stress markers levels, kidney function parameters and histopathology of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The levels of oxidative stress indicators (Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione (GSH) in the kidney were significantly increased by the leaf extract and fractions (p<0.05–0.001), while the level of MDA was lowered in the treated diabetic rats. The high serum levels of urea and creatinine in diabetic rats were significantly (p<0.05–0.001) reduced by the leaf fractions, whereas the levels of electrolytes were not significantly decreased . The kidney histology of the treated diabetic rats either showed no pathological abnormalities or a considerable reduction in pathological features. The findings suggest the antioxidative stress and nephroprotective capabilities of Solanum anomalum leaf extract and fractions, which may be a result of the antioxidant activities of their phytochemical constituents